For centuries the Far East has been synonymous with mystery, intrigue and seductive beauty. Today, the allure remains for travelers drawn to the cultural treasures of China, Hong Kong, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam, India and beyond.
Centuries-old Beijing, China, holds so many historical and cultural treasures it's hard to know were to begin — or end. Of course, there's the inimitable Great Wall, the only manmade structure on Earth that can be seen from the moon. Also not to be missed is the Forbidden City of Beijing, actually an immense palace complex of 9,999 rooms encircled by moats and walls. Among the most famous landmarks is Tianamen Square, surrounded by other important monuments like the Mao Mausoleum and Great Hall of the People. Be sure to take in Beijing's Temple of Heaven, where incredible acoustics at one altar allow your words to echo around you.
Shanghai is China's biggest, busiest and most modern city. As the world's third largest port, Shanghai has a history steeped in the trading of silk, tea, spices and, alas, opium. The Shanghai Museum is a fascinating exploration of the past, housing collections of calligraphy, bronze and coins. The preeminent Jade Buddha Temple is a working monastery run by 70 monks and open to the public. Another popular attraction is the Bund, where the Huangpu River is flanked by Western-influenced structures like the British Customs House, Art Deco-styled Peace Hotel and old Shanghai Club.
Shop 'til you drop must be the motto for effervescent Hong Kong, home to high-end shops on Nathan Road, intriguing outdoor markets at the Kowloon Peninsula and bargains buys at the Ocean Terminal. But there's far more to do and see around this historical, cultural and commercial capital. Hop on the Star Ferry for a tour of Hong Kong Island and a glimpse of it's most popular attraction: Victoria Peak. Take the Peak Tram to the top for incredible views and entertainment in the form of walking trails, gardens, restaurants and, of course, an Internet cafe. If you can, squeeze in high tea at the elegant Peninsula Hotel or a nightcap at the chic Intercontinental Hotel.
Considered Japan's spiritual capital, Kyoto is quite fittingly home to a bevy of beautiful Buddhist temples, among them the renown Ginkakuji and Kinkakuji, where ceremonies and festivals still play a large part in life today. Kyoto is also an important urban center and, as such, the second-most visited city in the world, after Mecca. History survives here, since Kyoto was spared bombing during World War II, and visitors can stroll historic streets lined with century-old wooden structures. One way to explore the city and culture is through its cuisine — be sure to sample the sake, sushi, noodles and tempting vegetarian temple dishes.
Bustling Bangkok is the epicenter of Thailand's economy. Industrial operations — lumber, sugar and paper, among them — combine with tourism to fuel the nation's financial activity. While Bangkok now boasts modern high rises, the city still retains its architectural roots: there are more than 400 Buddhist temples as well as historic sites like the Ancient City and Ayuthaya Historical Park. The Grand Palace is a top tourist destination as is Wat Traimitr, Temple of the Golden Buddha. Seeking more modern diversions? There are beautiful beaches, a vibrant nightlife, great Thai restaurants and the River City Shopping Complex.
Located on the Red River Delta, the capital city of Hanoi — "the hinterland between rivers" — is situated in center of North Vietnam, where it is considered sacred land. Formerly called Co Loa, Hanoi has managed to retain many architectural treasures despite a 1,000-year history marked by war and assorted natural disasters. The city is home to more than 600 temples and pagodas — the One Pillar Pagoda and Temple of Literature among the most famous. Lush gardens surround 18 lovely lakes around Hanoi, which is famous for its bronze and silver work, embroidery and Bat Trang pottery.
North Vietnam's second-most important metropolis is Ho Chi Minh City, formerly Saigon. Located in the heart of the Mekong Delta, Saigon is the country's major commercial, industrial and tourist hub. Major attractions include the Ho Chi Minh Museum and Cu Chi Tunnels, an underground network used during the Vietnam War. Despite its turbulent past, the city retains some wonderful architectural treasures — many a blend of Asian and European design — including the Dragon House Wharf, National Ancestors' Temple and Ho Chi Minh Municipal Theatre.
Founded by the Portuguese 500 years ago, Bombay is India's bustling business capital and the nation's financial center. You'll find many international companies headquartered here, and India's stock exchange, busy port and even "Bollywood" are vital to the country's economy. Bombay is a showcase of architecture, much of it Victorian-Gothic inspired, that includes the extravagantly designed Victoria Terminus. Other landmarks are the Taj Mahal Hotel, Haji Ali Mosque and Kalbadevi bazaars. If time permits, catch a game of cricket at Wankhede or Brabourne stadiums or explore the Elephanta Caves a few miles outside of town.
Part of the United Arab Emirates, Dubai is a vital, modern city with intriguing historical roots. Enjoy striking views of the city's soaring skyline from Dubai Creek or the observation deck of the towering Dubai World Trade Centre. Other attractions include the wildlife sanctuary on Dubai Creek, outlying deserts and the Arabian Gulf. Shopping is a delight here — purchase richly hued carpets, Bedouin jewelry, embroidered garments, and even gold at the traditional markets, called souks. Sample authentic Arab specialties like humus, tabbouleh, the spicy-lamb dish makbous and other local favorites.
In beguiling Luxor, situated on the eastern banks of the Nile, visitors will experience one of Egypt's most visually stunning and historically rich regions. Described as the world's "greatest outdoor museum," Luxor and the west-bank city of Karnak comprise a showplace of ancient temples, tombs and statuary. Be sure to visit the Temple of Luxor, passing stately sphinx along the way, as well as the Luxor Museum, home to Egyptian antiquities. Other must-sees are the Temple of Karnak and the famous tombs of King Tutankhamen and Queen Nefertari.
